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Glossary · T
Glossary
Index
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Tahona
Small traditional drum used in the central region
of Cuba.
Taino
Native American Indians (Haiti, Puerto Rico, Cuba
and other islands of the Antilles) that were almost
exterminated with the arrival of the Spanish.
Tango
Congo
The congo
tango is similar to the famous Argentinean tango,
and derives its origin from the Congo. This style
of singing develops in Cuba during the 20’s.
Tembleque
Recently popular dance move, where dancers make
their bodies vibrate in a frenetic way, as if
receiving an electric shock.
Timba
Despite the fact that Cubans rejected the term
salsa for
a long time, considering it to be a North American
appropriation of the son,
something began to change in the early 80’s,
when musicians such as Elio Reve and Adalberto
Alvarez began to mix typical salsa sounds into
their compositions. That is when the NG
La Banda appeared. NG (New Generation) took
New York salsa, added sounds created by the innovative
Cuban Latin jazz band Irakere,
set up the chorus so that those voices could be
used like rhythmic instruments, at the same time
that the rap movement that was emerging in the
U.S., and added the classical influences that
every Cuban musician learns at school. That is
how the Timba was born.
For the first time Cuban musicians used the word
salsa to refer to their music. It was just like
Isaac Delgado,one
of the foremost exponents of this new style would
say: "Salsa....de Cuba... ¡Chevere!".
Besides the musicians already mentioned, other
timba musicians include Klimax,
Manolín
el Médico, Bamboleo,
Paulito y Manolito, with a special mention for Juan
Formell's Van
Van ,which incorporated the timba into their
unique sound. Timba is also a term that when used
in the expression "Tiene timba" (He
has timba), referring to a musician, means that
he has rhythm, swing.
Timbales
Drums joined in pairs, mounted on a stand and
to which one or more campanas
and other accessories have been added. Sometimes
these are accompanied by a bigger drum, played
with a pedal. The timbalero
uses them standing up and beats the leather with
two long, light drum sticks.
Timbalero
Musician playing the timbales.
Some of the greatest timbaleros include Tito
Puente, Giovani Hidalgo, Calixto Oviedo Mulenz
(ex-NG La Banda)
and José Luis "Changuito" Quintana
(ex-Los Van
Van).
 Tres
Typical Cuban instrument that is usually present
in country music of Oriente
like the son.
It has the shape of a small guitar and is equipped
with three strings, each one doubled. The traditional
fine-tuning is La, Re, Fa# (A, D, F#), but many
other combinations are used, depending on the
guitarist and the songs, especially Sol, Do, Mi
(G, C, E), or Sol, Si, Mi (G, B, E). The tres
has a slightly high pitch and is used in traditional
Cuban bands, where the strings (guitar, double
bass, tres) and the lighter percussion instruments
(claves, maracas,
güiro,
bongos) are
the main instruments.
In general, the tres leaves the more powerful
harmonious phrases to the guitar. Usually, if
the guitar is played note by note (known as "punteado"
or plucking), the tres takes on a counter plucking
or improvising functions. This instrument is of
marked importance in the elegance of the son’s
characteristic swing, especially when it is played
with "retardo-anticipado" (off-beat)
effect, which involves a slight distance regarding
the exact beat.
Trío
Musical group made up of three singers accompanied
with their guitars (or 2 guitars and maracas)
singing and playing boleros,
sones, and other
songs: this group was made popular during the
20’s.
Trovador
This singer, playing along with his guitar, is
an essential figure in Cuban music. It is the
trovador (troubadour) who performs and makes certain
rhythms like the bolero
popular in the 19th Century. Certain trovadores,
such as Sindo Garay, were composers of great talent.
In the 60’s new torvadores appeared, part
of the Nueva Trova movement, where Pablo Milanés
makes his mark.
Tumba
Drum used in the eastern region of Cuba; the term
is also used in reference to a dance accompanying
the sound of this instrument.
Tumbadora
Another name for the conga.
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